sábado 9 de junio de 2007

¡Qué detallista me eres! (Regalos, 1ª parte)

Certificando la proverbial amabilidad japonesa, resulta que, sin ni siquiera haberlo pretendido, en nuestra estancia por la tierra de Godzilla vamos a contar con anfitriones. Dos son las incautas que han accedido a tutelar a estos gaijines: la una, durante las peripecias turísticas diurnas por Tokio; la otra, como guía de las noches de neón, sake y karaoke. Para demostrarles que nosotros no somos menos amables y que nuestras mamás nos han enseñado a ser bien educados, corresponderemos a sus atenciones con un regalo con denominación de origen gallega. Pero es en este punto, cuando de regalar se trata, que nuestras buenas intenciones se estrellan de bruces contra el inevitable y agotador protocolo japonés. ¿Es posible en alguna parte del mundo que un regalo pueda ofender en lugar de agradar? En cierto archipiélago asiático, sí.

La acción de regalar se denomina "zōtō" en idioma japonés. Visto, lo visto, su traducción más fidedigna al castellano sería: "meterse en un embolado del quince". Vamos a obviar aquí las infinitas normas de cortesía específicas que los japoneses siguen cuando regalan, en función de la ocasión y las circunstancias, y citaremos tan sólo unas cuantas generalidades.

Hay ciertos presentes que es mejor evitar. Así, regalar un peine te convertirá en la persona más impertinente de todo el país. El peine o "kushi" se pronuncia igual que "ku" (sufrimiento) y "shi" (muerte). Del mismo modo, "shi" también es una de las pronunciaciones del número cuatro, así que se desaconseja regalar algo que consista en cuatro artículos. Siguiendo con los motivos funestos, conviene saber que el regalo de té verde se hace habitualmente en los funerales, por lo que queda descartado en otra ocasión. También los crisantemos se relacionan con los oficios fúnebres. Si ofreces un cuchillo o una navaja albaceteña se considerará que estás intentando cercenar la amistad. No está de más señalar que el color blanco es el color del duelo y que el rojo se reserva para ocasiones festivas.


"¿Cómo que un peine? ¿Un peine? %&"·$$"·!""·$%!"


Decidir el objeto en cuestión es solo el primero de los quebraderos de cabeza. Entregarlo también es desquiciante. Lo habitual es que el receptor rechace la ofrenda en varias ocasiones y se haga de rogar. Tantas veces como lo rechace, otras tantas habremos de insistir. Diréis: "¡Pesados, si se pirran por saber qué es!". Pues no. La norma es que los regalos no sean abiertos en nuestra presencia. Con esta medida se evita que el agasajado muestre cara de disgusto o contrariedad si el regalo no le agrada y así nosotros nos evitamos un chasco. Si finalmente se decide a abrirlo en público nos pedirá humildemente permiso.

En el instante en el que damos el regalo, le estamos "pasando el muerto" a la otra persona, pues empieza para ella la obligación del "okaeshi", esto es, agradecernos el detalle regalándonos a su vez otra cosa. Los que regalan en primera instancia deben tener en cuenta el "okaeshi", pues lo correcto es que nos correspondan con un regalo de valor similar. Se consideraría una ofensa "contrarregalar" con algo de valor notablemente inferior o superior a lo recibido. Es por esto que debemos saber muy bien a quién le estamos regalando qué, no le vayamos a poner en un brete. Tanto la entrega como la recepción de presentes se hacen con la consabida formalidad y reverencia, sosteniendo y recogiendo los objetos con las palmas de las manos hacia arriba.

Hasta aquí tan sólo la primera parte de este monográfico sobre los usos y costumbres del agasajamiento en Japón, que completaré en la siguiente entrada con una explicación acerca del último y más importante aspecto de todo este proceso: el envoltorio. En cualquier caso, no me cabe duda de que nuestro regalo será todo un éxito y provocará en nuestras cicerones niponas el mismo apasionamiento que el del ya famoso crío americano con su consola Nintendo (¿aún existe alguien que no haya visto este vídeo?):



...cuando a mí me regalaron la SNES me puse igual, la verdad sea dicha ;)

マヌエル

13 comentarios:

Jaime dijo...

De verdad, tio, mejor no lleves nada,jajaja

マヌエル dijo...

Ya te digo. Visto lo visto creo que es más fácil quedar mal regalando algo que yendo con las manos vacías. :O

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